Artificial Intelligence NTA UGC NET Question Analysis

Artificial Intelligence NTA UGC NET Question Analysis


Q1➡ | NET December 2022
The negation of “Some students like hockey” is
i ➥ Some students dislike hockey
ii ➥ Every student dislike hockey
iii ➥ Every student like hockey
iv ➥ All students like hockey
Best Explanation:
Answer: (ii)
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Q2➡ | NET December 2022
Overfitting is expected when we observe that?
i ➥ With training iterations error on training set as well as test set decreases
ii ➥ With training iterations error on training set decrease but test set increases
iii ➥ With training iterations error on training set as well as test set increases
iv ➥ With training iterations training set as well as test error remains constant
Best Explanation:
Answer: (ii)
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Q3➡ | NET December 0222
The A* algorithm is optimal when,
i ➥ It always find the solution with the lowest total cost if the heuristic ‘h’ is admissible
ii ➥ Always finds the solution with the highest total cost if the heuristic ‘h’ is admissible.
iii ➥ Finds the solution with the lowest total cost if the heuristic ‘h’ is not admissible.
iv ➥ It always finds the solution with the highest total cost if the heuristic ‘h’ is not admissible.
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q4➡ | NET December 2022
Which Artificial intelligence technique enables the computers to understand the associations and relationships between objects & events?
i ➥ Heuristic processing
ii ➥ Cognitive science
iii ➥ Relative symbolism
iv ➥ Pattern matching
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iv)
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Q5➡ | NET December 2022
Where does the value of alpha- beta search get updated ?
i ➥ Along the path of search
ii ➥ Initial state itself
iii ➥ At the end
iv ➥ None of these.
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q6➡ | NET December 2022
4-input neuron has weight 1, 2, 3, 4 . The transfer function is linear with the constant of proportionality being equal to 3. The inputs are 5, 7, 10, and 30 respectively.
the output will be :
i ➥ 120
ii ➥ 213
iii ➥ 410
iv ➥ 507
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iv)
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Q7➡ | NET December 2022
Which AI system mimics the evolutionary process to generate increasingly better solution to a process to a problem?
(A) Self-organizing neural network
(B) Back propagation neural network
(C) Generic algorithm
(D) Forward propagation neural network
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ A only
ii ➥ B only
iii ➥ C only
iv ➥ D only
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iii)
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Q8➡ | NET December 2022
Consider the following Learning algorithms.
(A) Logistic regression
(B) Back propagation
(C) Linear regression
(D) Forward propagation
Which of the following options represents classification algorithm?
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ A and C only
ii ➥ B and D only
iii ➥ A and B only
iv ➥ C and D only
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iii)
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Q9➡ | NET December 2022
Which Boolean operation on two variables can be represented by a single perception layer?
(A) X1 AND X2
(B) X1 OR X2
(C) X1 NOR X2
(D) X1 XOR X2
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
i ➥ A and B only
ii ➥ B and C only.
iii ➥ A, B and C only
iv ➥ A, B, C and D only
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iii)
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Q10➡ | NET December 2022
March List(I) with List (II)
Text planning	I.	Natural language understanding.
Sentence planning	II.	Natural language generation.
Sentence generation 		
Map the input to useful representations
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ A-(I), B-(II), C-(I), D-(II)
ii ➥ A-(II), B-(II), C-(I), D-(II)
iii ➥ A-(I), B-(II), C-(II), D-(I)
iv ➥ A-(II), B-(II), C-(II), D-(I)
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iv)
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Q11➡ | NET December 2022
consider the statements:
A : There does not exist a polynomial time algorithm to solve integer Linear programming problem.
B : Main focus of PERT is ‘minimizing time’ .
Choose the correct option about the statements A and B.
i ➥ A is True; B is True
ii ➥ A is True; B is False
iii ➥ A is False; B is True
iv ➥ A is False; B is False
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q12➡ | NET December 2022
Select the correct order of DBSCAN Algorithm.
(A) Find recursively all its density connected points and assign them to the same cluster as the core point.
(B) Find all the neighbor point with eps and identify the core points with more than MinPts neighbor’s.
(C) Iterate through the remaining unvisited pointed in the dataset.
(D) For each core point if it is not already assigned to a cluster, create a new cluster.
Choose the correct answer from the following:
i ➥ B, D, C, A
ii ➥ D, B, C, A
iii ➥ B, D, A, C
iv ➥ D, B, A, C
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iii)
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Q13➡ | NET December 2022
Choose the correct option describing the features of artificial neural network
(A) It is essentially machine learning algorithm.
(B) It is useful when solving the problems for which the data set is very large.
(C) They are able to extract features without input from the programmer.
(D) These are system modeled on the human brain and nervous system
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ All the statements are correct
ii ➥ Only B and C are correct
iii ➥ Only A and D are correct
iv ➥ All the statements are not correct.
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q14➡ | NET December 2022
Four person: P, Q, R and S are in police custody and one of them has committed a crime. They confess as follows:
(A) Person P: Q did it
(B) Person Q: S did it
(C) Person R: I did not do it
(D) Person S: Q lied
If exactly one of the statements is false. Which of the following is the guilty person?
i ➥ P
ii ➥ Q
iii ➥ R
iv ➥ S
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q15➡ | NET June 2022
Consider α, β,  as logical variables. Identify which of the following represents correct logical equivalence:
(A)	(α˄ (β ˅ )  ((α ˄ β ) ˅ (α ˄  )
(B)	(α ˅ β )   α ˅ β
(C)	(α  β )  ( β   α)
(D)	(  (α ˅ β ))  (  α   β )
i ➥ (A) and (D) only
ii ➥ (B) and (C) only
iii ➥ (A) and (C) only
iv ➥ (B) and (C) only
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iii)
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Q16➡ | NET June 2022
The logic expression (P̃∧Q)∨(P∧Q̃)∨(P∧Q) is equivalent to
i ➥ P̃∨Q
ii ➥ P∨Q̃
iii ➥ P∨Q
iv ➥ P̃∨Q̃
Best Explanation:
Answer: (iii)
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Q17➡ | NET June 2022
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : p̃
Reason (R) : (rq̃ , rs , sq̃ , pq)
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
ii ➥ Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT correct explanation of (A)
iii ➥ (A) is true but (R) is false
iv ➥ (A) is false but (R) is true
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q18➡ | NET June 2022
In a game playing search tree, upto which depth α-β pruning can be applied?
(A) Root (0) level
(B) 6 level
(C) 8 level
(D) Depends on utility value in a breadth order
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
i ➥ (B) and (C) only
ii ➥ (A) and (B) only
iii ➥ (A) , (B) and (C) only
iv ➥ (A) and (D) only
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q19➡ | NET June 2022
Given below are two statements:
Statement (I) : Grandparent is parent of one's parent 
Statement (II) :  First Order Predicate Logic (FOPL) representation of above statement is 
 g, c grandparent (g, c)   p parent (g ,p)  parent (p,c) 
In the light of the above statement, choose the most appropriate answer form the options given below:
i ➥ Both statement (I) and statement (II) are correct
ii ➥ Both statement (I) and statement (II) are incorrect
iii ➥ Statement (I) is correct and statement (II) is incorrect
iv ➥ Statement (I) is incorrect and statement (II) is correct
Best Explanation:
Answer: (i)
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Q1➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Which agent deals with the happy and unhappy state?
i ➥ Goal-based Agent
ii ➥ Learning Agent
iii ➥ Model-based agent
iv ➥ Utility-based agent

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Answer: IV
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Q2➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Consider the sentence below.
There is a country that borders both India and Pakistan.
Which of the following logical expressions express the above sentence correctly when the predicate Country(x)
represents that x is a country and Borders(x, y) represents that the countries x and y share the border?
i ➥ [∃c Country(c)] ⇒ [Border (c, India) ∧ Border (c,Pakistan)]
ii ➥ ∃c Border (Country(c), India ∧ Pakistan)
iii ➥ ∃c Country(c) ∧ Border (c, India) ∧ Border (c,Pakistan)
iv ➥ ∃c Country(c) ⇒ [Border (c, India) ∧ Border (c,Pakistan)]

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Answer: III
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Q3➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Which among the following statement(s) is(are) FALSE?
A. Greedy best-first search is not optimal but is often efficient.
B. A* is complete and optimal provided h(n) is admissible or consistent.
C. Recursive best-first search is efficient in terms of time complexity but poor in terms of space complexity.
D. h(n) = 0 is an admissible heuristic for the 8-puzzle.
i ➥ A and D only
ii ➥ A only
iii ➥ C and D only
iv ➥ C only

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Answer: IV
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Q4➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Given below are two statements
Statement I:
Breadth-First Search is optimal when all the step costs are equal whereas uniform-cost se optimal with any step-cost.
Statement II:
When all the step costs are same uniform-cost search expends more nodes at depth d tha Breadth-First Search.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
i ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are false
ii ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are true
iii ➥ Statement I is false but Statement II is true
iv ➥ Statement I is true but Statement II is false

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Answer: II
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Q5➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Consider the given tree below. Calculate the value at the root of the tree using alpha-beta pruning algorithm.
i ➥ 3
ii ➥ 5
iii ➥ 6
iv ➥ 9

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Answer: II
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Q6➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Next five questions are based on the following passage.
Consider a domain consisting of three Boolean variables Toothache, Cavity, and Catch. The full joint distribution is a 2×2×2 table as shown in the figure below.

The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
i ➥ 0.216
ii ➥ 0.280
iii ➥ 0.400
iv ➥ 0.600

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: IV
Explanation:
Formula,
Conditional Probability
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
Calculation,
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity,
 The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
P(toothache Ո cavity ) = 0.108 + 0.012 = 0.12

The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
P(cavity ) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.072 + 0.008 = 0.2
 The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
So,Option(IV) is correct.

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Q7➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Next five questions are based on the following passage.
Consider a domain consisting of three Boolean variables Toothache, Cavity, and Catch. The full joint distribution is a 2×2×2 table as shown in the figure below.

P(cavity U toothache) is________________.
i ➥ 0.120
ii ➥ 0.200
iii ➥ 0.280
iv ➥ 0.600

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: III
Explanation:
Formula,
P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A Ո B)
Calculation,
P(cavity U toothache) = P(cavity) + P(toothache) – P(cavity Ո toothache)
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
P(cavity ) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.072 + 0.008 = 0.2

P(cavity U toothache) is________________.
P(toothache) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.016 + 0.064 = 0.2


P(cavity Ո toothache) = 0.108 + 0.012 = 0.12

P(cavity U toothache) = P(cavity) + P(toothache) – P(cavity Ո toothache)
P(cavity U toothache) = 0.2 + 0.2 – 0.12 = 0.28
So, Option(III) is correct.

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Q8➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Next five questions are based on the following passage.
Consider a domain consisting of three Boolean variables Toothache, Cavity, and Catch. The full joint distribution is a 2×2×2 table as shown in the figure below.

The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.
i ➥ 0.4615
ii ➥ 0.5384
iii ➥ 0.6000
iv ➥ 0.8000

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: I
Explanation:
Formula,
The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.
Calculation,
 The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.
The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.
P(cavity Ո (toothache U catch)) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.072 = 0.192

 The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.
P(toothache U cavity) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.072 + 0.016 + 0.064 + 0.144 = 0.416

 The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.
 The probability for Cavity, given that either Toothache or Catch is true, P(Cavity | toothache U catch) is _______.= 0.4615
So, Option(I) is correct.

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Q9➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Next five questions are based on the following passage.
Consider a domain consisting of three Boolean variables Toothache, Cavity, and Catch. The full joint distribution is a 2×2×2 table as shown in the figure below.

The marginal probability of cavity P(cavity) is _____.
i ➥ 0.080
ii ➥ 0.120
iii ➥ 0.200
iv ➥ 0.216

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: III
Explanation:
Calculation,
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
P(cavity ) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.072 + 0.008 = 0.2

So, Option(III) is correct.

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Q10➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2021
Next five questions are based on the following passage.
Consider a domain consisting of three Boolean variables Toothache, Cavity, and Catch. The full joint distribution is a 2×2×2 table as shown in the figure below.

The probability of a cavity, given evidence of a toothache, P(cavity | toothache) is ____.
i ➥ 0.216
ii ➥ 0.280
iii ➥ 0.400
iv ➥ 0.600

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: IV
Explanation:
Formula,
Conditional Probability
The probability of a toothache, given evidence of a cavity, P(toothache | cavity) is ____.
Calculation,
The probability of a cavity, given evidence of a toothache,
 The probability of a cavity, given evidence of a toothache, P(cavity | toothache) is ____.
 The probability of a cavity, given evidence of a toothache, P(cavity | toothache) is ____.
P(cavity Ո toothache ) = 0.108 + 0.012 = 0.12

P(cavity U toothache) is________________.
P(toothache) = 0.108 + 0.012 + 0.016 + 0.064 = 0.2
 The probability of a cavity, given evidence of a toothache, P(cavity | toothache) is ____.
 The probability of a cavity, given evidence of a toothache, P(cavity | toothache) is ____.= 0.6
So,Option(IV) is correct.

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Q11➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Consider the statement below.
A person who is radical (R) is electable (E) if he/she is conservative (C), but otherwise is not electable.
Few probable logical assertions of the above sentence are given below.
(A) (R∧E)⇔C
(B) R→(E↔C)
(C) R⇒((C⇒E)∨¬E)
(D) (¬R∨¬E∨C)∧(¬R∨¬C∨E)
Which of the above logical assertions are true?
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ (B) only
ii ➥ (C) only
iii ➥ (A) and (C) only
iv ➥ (B) and (D) only

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: IV
Explanation:
(A) (R ∧ E) ⇔ C
It is not equivalent to above statement. It says that all conservative(C) are Radical(R) and Electable (E).
(B) R ⇒ (E ⇔C)
It is equivalent to above statement. It says that if all person are Radical(R) then they are Electable (E) if
And only if they are Conservative (C).
(C) R ⇒ ((C⇒E) v ¬E)
R ⇒ (¬C v E v ¬E )
It is tautology, That is it is true in all condition because E is in both form (Normal Form & Complemented
Form)
(D) (¬R v ¬E v C) ∧ (¬R v ¬ C v E)
(¬R v E ⇒C) ∧ (¬R v C ⇒E)
¬R v ((E ⇒C) ∧ (C ⇒E))
¬R v (E ⇔C)
R ⇒ (E ⇔C)
It is equivalent to above statement. It says that if all person are Radical(R) then they are Electable (E) if
And only if they are Conservative (C).

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Q12➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Consider the following argument with premise
i ➥ This is a valid argument.
ii ➥ Steps (C) and (E) are not correct inferences
iii ➥ Steps (D) and (F) are not correct inferences
iv ➥ Step (G) is not a correct inference

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Answer: II
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Q13➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: A genetic algorithm is a stochastic hill climbing search in which a large population of states is maintained.
Statement II: In a nondeterministic environment, agents can apply AND-OR search to generate containing plans that reach the goal regardless of which outcomes occur during execution.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answers from the options given below.
i ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are true
ii ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are false
iii ➥ Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
iv ➥ Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true

Show Answer With Best Explanation

Answer: I
Explanation:
Statement I:
Stochastic Hill-climbing as a core Method for Evaluating Genetic Algorithms
Stochastic Hill-climbing maintains a vast population of states. next new states are created by mutation and crossover, which put together pairs of states from the population.

Hence Statement I is correct.
Statement II:
contingent solutions to nondeterministic problems
By constructing search trees AI agents use AND-OR search tree in non-deterministic environments to initiate contingent plans that achieve the destination (Target/Goal) regardless of which outcomes occur during execution.

Hence Statement II is also correct.
Important points for your exam
AND-OR search trees:
By constructing search trees we find contingent solutions to nondeterministic problems
OR nodes: in deterministic environment,
we call nodes OR nodes when the only branching is initiate by the agent’s own choices OR NODE in each state.
AND nodes: In a non-deterministic environment,
we call nodes OR nodes when branching is initiate by the environment’s choice of outcome for each action.
So the Correct Answer is Option (I).

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Q14➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Which of the following statements are true?
A) Minimax search is breadth-first; it processes all the nodes at a level before moving to a node in the next level.
B) The effectiveness of the alpha-beta pruning is highly dependent on the order in which the states are examined.
C) The alpha-beta search algorithm computes the same optimal moves as the minimax algorithm.
D) Optimal play in games of imperfect information does not require reasoning about the current and future belief states of each player.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ (A) and (C) only
ii ➥ (A) and (D) only
iii ➥ (B) and (C) only
iv ➥ (C) and (D) only

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Answer: III
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Q15➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Which of the following statements are true?
A) A sentence α entails another sentence ß if ß is true in few words where α is true.
B) Forward chaining and backward chaining are very natural reasoning algorithms for knowledge bases in Horn form.
C) Sound inference algorithms derive all sentences that are entailed.
D) Propositional logic does not scale to environments of unbounded size.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ (A) and (B) only
ii ➥ (B) and (C) only
iii ➥ (C) and (D) only
iv ➥ (B) and (D) only

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Answer: IV
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Q16➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Which of the following pairs of propositions are not logically equivalent?
i ➥ ((p→r)∧(q→r)) and ((p∨q)→r)
ii ➥ p↔q and (¬p↔¬q)
iii ➥ ((p∧q)∨(¬p∧¬q)) and p↔q
iv ➥ ((p∧q)→r) and ((p→r)∧(q→r))

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Answer: IV
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Q17➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020


Choose the correct answer from the options given below
i ➥ A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
ii ➥ A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
iii ➥ A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
iv ➥ A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

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Answer: I
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Q18➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
If f(x) = x is my friend, and p(x) = x is perfect then correct logical translation of the statement “some of my friends are not perfect” is__________.
i ➥ ∀ (f(x) ∧ ¬ p(x))
ii ➥ ∃ (f(x) ∧ ¬ p(x))
iii ➥ ¬ (f(x) ∧ ¬ p(x))
iv ➥ ∃ ( ¬ f(x) ∧ ¬ p(x))

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Answer: II
Explanation:
It is given that,
f(x)=x is my friend
p(x) = x is perfect
statement: some of my friends are not perfect.
There exist is used for ‘some’. Outer most part contains ∃x.
In statement , condition is ‘not perfect’ . so, we get ^ p(x).
Finally we get, ∃x(f(x)∧⌐p(x))

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Q19➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
i ➥ A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
ii ➥ A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
iii ➥ A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
iv ➥ A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

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Answer: I
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Q20➡ | NTA UGC NET November 2020
Which of the following is NOT true in problem solving in artificial intelligence?
i ➥ Implements heuristic search techniques
ii ➥ Solution steps are not explicit
iii ➥ Knowledge is imprecise
iv ➥ it works on or implements repetition mechanism

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Answer: IV
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Q21➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2019
Let Wo represents weight between node i at layer k and node j at layer (k – 1) of a given multilayer perceptron. The weight updation using gradient descent method is given by

Where α and E represents learning rate and Error in the output respectively?
i ➥ Wij(t+1)=Wij(t)+α ∂E/∂Wij , 0<=α<=1
ii ➥ Wij(t+1)=Wij(t)-α ∂E/∂Wij , 0<=α<=1
iii ➥ Wij(t+1)=α ∂E/∂Wij , 0<=α<=1
iv ➥ Wij(t+1)= – α ∂E/∂Wij , 0<=α<=1

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Answer: II
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Q22➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2019
Consider the following learning algorithms:
(a) Logistic regression
(b) Back propagation
(c) Linear repression
Which of the following option represents classification algorithms?
i ➥ (a) and (b) only
ii ➥ (a) and (c) only
iii ➥ (b) and (c) only
iv ➥ (a), (b) and (c)

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Answer: I
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Q23➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2019
Consider the following:
(a) Trapping at local maxima
(b) Reaching a plateau
(c) Traversal along the ridge.
Which of the following option represents shortcomings of the hill climbing algorithm?
i ➥ (a) and (b) only
ii ➥ (a) and (c) only
iii ➥ (b) and (c) only
iv ➥ (a), (b) and (c)

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Answer: IV
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Q24➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2019
An _ chart is a project schedule representation that presents project plan as a directed graph. The critical path is the____________sequence of_________tasks and it defines project __________.
i ➥ Activity, Shortest, Independent, Cost
ii ➥ Activity, Longest, Dependent, Duration
iii ➥ Activity, Longest, Independent, Duration
iv ➥ Activity, Shortest, Dependent, Duration

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Answer: II
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Q25➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2019
i ➥ 14
ii ➥ 17
iii ➥ 111
iv ➥ 112

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Answer: II
Explanation:

The root value is 17. so correct answer is II

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Q26➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2019
According to Dempster-Shafer theory for uncertainty management,
Where Bel(A) denotes Belief of event A.
i ➥
ii ➥
iii ➥
iv ➥

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Answer: III
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Q27➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
Consider the following methods:
M 1 : mean of maximum
M 2 : Centre of area
M 3 : Height method
Which of the following is/are defuzzification method(s)?
i ➥ Only M 1
ii ➥ Only M 1 and M 2
iii ➥ Only M 2and M 3
iv ➥ M 1 , M 2 and M 3

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Answer: IV
Explanation:
Defuzzification is the conversion of a fuzzy quantity to a precise quantity.
Defuzzification Methods are.
1.Mean of Maxima Method (MOM)
2.Weighted Average Method
3.Centroid of Area(COA)
4.Center of Area
5.Bisector of Area Method (BOA)
6.Center of gravity (COG)
7.Maxima Methods
8.First of Maxima Method (FOM)
9.Last of Maxima Method (LOM)
10.Center of Sums Method (COS)
So correct answer is (IV).

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Q28➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
A fuzzy conjunction operator denoted as t(x,y) and fuzzy disjunction operator denoted as s(x,Y) form dual pair if they satisfy the condition:
i ➥ t(x,y)= 1-s(x,y)
ii ➥ t(x,y)=s(1-x,1-y)
iii ➥ t(x,y)=1-s(1-x,1-y)
iv ➥ t(x,y)=s(1+x,1+y)

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Answer: III
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Q29➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
Consider the following:
(a) Evolution
(b) Selection
(c) reproduction
(d) Mutation
Which of the following are found in genetic algorithms?
i ➥ (b),(c) and (d) only
ii ➥ (b) and (d) only
iii ➥ (a),(b),(c) and (d)
iv ➥ (a),(b) and (d) only

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Answer: III
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Q30➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
Let Aα0 denotes the α-cut of a fuzzy set A at α0. If α1 < α2 , then
i ➥ Aα1 ⊇ Aα2
ii ➥ Aα1 ⊃ Aα2
iii ➥ Aα1 ⊆ Aα2
iv ➥ Aα1 ⊂ Aα2

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Answer: I
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Q31➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
Match List-I with List-II:

Choose the correct option from those given below:
i ➥ (a)-(i); (b)-(ii); (c)-(iii)
ii ➥ (a)-(iii);(b)-(ii); (c)-(i)
iii ➥ (a)-(i); (b)-(iii); (c)-(ii)
iv ➥ (a)-(ii); (b)-(iii); (c)-(i)

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Answer: IV
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Q32➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
Which of the following is an example of unsupervised neural network?
i ➥ Back propagation network
ii ➥ Hebb network
iii ➥ Associative memory network
iv ➥ Self-organizing feature map

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Answer: IV
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Q33➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
The STRIPS representation is
i ➥ a feature-centric representation
ii ➥ an action-centric representation
iii ➥ a combination of feature-centric and action-centric representation
iv ➥ a hierarchical feature-centric representation

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Answer: II
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Q34➡ | NTA UGC NET June 2019
Consider the game tree given below:
i ➥ 4
ii ➥ 7
iii ➥ 11
iv ➥ 12

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Answer: II
Explanation:


The root value is 7. so correct answer is II

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Q35➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
Consider the following terminology and match List 1 and List 2 and choose the correct answer from the code given below
b= branch factor
d= depth of shallowest solution bd
M= Maximum depth of the search tree
I= depth limit
i ➥ (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
ii ➥ (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
iii ➥ (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)
iv ➥ (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

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Answer: II
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Q36➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
Match the List 1 and List 2 and choose the correct answer from the code given below
i ➥ (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
ii ➥ (a)-(ii), (b)-(i),(c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
iii ➥ (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
iv ➥ (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

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Answer: III
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Q37➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
Which of the following is true for semi-dynamic environment ?
i ➥ The environment itself does not change with the passage of time but the agent’s performance score does.
ii ➥ The environment change while the agent is deliberating.
iii ➥ Even if the environment changes with the passage of time while deliberating, the performance score does not change.
iv ➥ Environment and performance score, both change simultaneously.

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Answer: I
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Q38➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
Consider the following statements
S1: A heuristic is admissible if it never overestimates the cost to reach the goal
S2: A heuristic is monotonous if it follows triangle inequality property.
Which one of the following is true referencing the above statements?
i ➥ Statement S1 is true but statement S2 is false.
ii ➥ Statement S1 is false but statement S2 is true.
iii ➥ Neither of the statements S1 and S2 are true
iv ➥ Both the statements S1 and S2 are true.

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Answer: IV
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Q39➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
An agent can improve its performance by
i ➥ Learning
ii ➥ Responding
iii ➥ Observing
iv ➥ Perceiving

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Answer: I
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Q40➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
In PERT/CPM, the merge event represents___________ of two or more events.
i ➥ splitting
ii ➥ completion
iii ➥ beginning
iv ➥ joining

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Answer: II
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Q41➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018
Match List 1 with List 2 and choose the correct answer from the code given below
i ➥ (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c) -(ii), (d)-(i)
ii ➥ (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c) -(iii), (d)-(ii)
iii ➥ (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c) -(ii), (d)-(iii)
iv ➥ (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c) -(iii), (d)-(iv)

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Answer: II
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Q42➡ | NTA UGC NET December 2018

What will be the value propagated at the root ?
i ➥ 6
ii ➥ 3
iii ➥ 5
iv ➥ 4

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Answer: III
Explanation:

The root value is 5. so correct answer is III.

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Q43➡ | NTA UGC NET
Consider following two rules R1 and R2 in logical reasoning in Artificial Intelligence (AI):

i ➥ Only R1 is correct.
ii ➥ Only R2 is correct.
iii ➥ Only R2 is correct.
iv ➥ Neither R1 nor R2 is correct.

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Answer: IV
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Q44➡ | NTA UGC NET
In Artificial Intelligence (AI), what is present in the planning graph?
i ➥ Sequence of levels
ii ➥ Literals
iii ➥ Variables
iv ➥ Heuristic estimates

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Answer: I
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Q45➡ | NTA UGC NET
What is the best method to go for the game playing problem?
i ➥ Optimal Search
ii ➥ Random Search
iii ➥ Heuristic Search
iv ➥ Stratified Search

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Answer: III
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Q46➡ |
What are the following sequence of steps taken in designing a fuzzy logic machine?
i ➥ Fuzzification → Rule evaluation → Defuzzification
ii ➥ Fuzzification → Defuzzification → Rule evaluation
iii ➥ Rule evaluation → Fuzzification → Defuzzification
iv ➥ Rule evaluation → Defuzzification → Fuzzification

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Answer: I
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Q47➡ |
In Artificial Intelligence , a semantic network
i ➥ is a graph-based method of knowledge representation where nodes represent concepts
ii ➥ is a graph-based method of knowledge representation where nodes represent relations
iii ➥ represents an entity as a set of slots and associated rules.
iv ➥ is a subset of first-order logic.

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Answer: I
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Q48➡ |
Criticism free idea generation is a factor of …………..
i ➥ Decision Support System
ii ➥ Group Decision Support System
iii ➥ Enterprise Resource Support System
iv ➥ Artificial Intelligence

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Answer: II
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Q49➡ |
Consider the following logical inferences :
I1 : If it is Sunday then school will not open.
The school was open.
Inference : It was not Sunday.
I2 : If it is Sunday then school will not open.
It was not Sunday.
Inference : The school was open.
Which of the following is correct?
i ➥ Both I1 and I2 are correct inferences
ii ➥ I1 is correct but I2 is not a correct inference
iii ➥ I1 is not correct but I2 is a correct inference
iv ➥ Both I1 and I2 are not correct inferences.

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Answer: II
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Q50➡ |
Which formal system provides the semantic foundation for Prolog?
i ➥ Predicate calculus
ii ➥ Lambda calculus
iii ➥ Hoare logic
iv ➥ Propositional logic

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Answer: I
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Q51➡ |
Forward chaining systems are where as backward chaining systems are …………….
i ➥ Data driven, Data driven
ii ➥ Goal driven, Data driven
iii ➥ Data driven, Goal driven
iv ➥ Goal driven, Goal driven

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Answer: III
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Q52➡ |
STRIPS addresses the problem of efficiently representing and implementation of a planner. It is not related to which one of the following?
i ➥ SHAKEY
ii ➥ SRI
iii ➥ NLP
iv ➥ None of these

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Answer III
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Q53➡ |
Slots and facets are used in
i ➥ Semantic Networks
ii ➥ Frames
iii ➥ Rules
iv ➥ All of these

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Answer: II
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Q54➡ |
Which of the following is not a part of an expert system shell?
i ➥ Knowledge Base
ii ➥ Inference Engine
iii ➥ Explanation Facility
iv ➥ None of the above

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Answer: I
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Q55➡ |
The Blocks World Problem in Artificial Intelligence is normally discussed to explain a
………………
i ➥ Search technique
ii ➥ Planning system
iii ➥ Constraint satisfaction system
iv ➥ Knowledge base system

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Answer: II
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Q56➡ |
Means-Ends Analysis process centres around the detection of difference between the current state and the goal state. Once such a difference is found, then to reduce the difference one applies
………………
i ➥ a forward search that can reduce the difference.
ii ➥ a backward search that can reduce the difference
iii ➥ a bidirectional search that can reduce the difference.
iv ➥ an operator that can reduce the difference.

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Answer: IV
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Q57➡ |
An A* algorithm is a heuristic search technique which
i ➥ is like a depth-first search where most promising child is selected for expansion
ii ➥ generates all successor nodes and computes an estimate of distance (cost) from start node to a goal node through each of the successors. It then chooses the successor with shortest cost.
iii ➥ saves all path lengths (costs) from start node to all generated nodes and chooses shortest path for further expansion.
iv ➥ none of the above

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Answer: II
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Q58➡ |
α – β cutoffs are applied to ………….
i ➥ Depth first search
ii ➥ Best first search
iii ➥ Minimax search
iv ➥ Breadth first search

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Answer: III
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Q59➡ |
Assume that each alphabet can have a value between 0 to 9 in a crypto-arithmetic problem CROSS

+ROADS
___________
DANGER
___________
Which of the following statement is true?

(i) No two alphabets can have the same numeric value.
(ii) Any two alphabets may have the same numeric value.
(iii) D = 0
(iv) D = 1
i ➥ (i) and (iii)
ii ➥ (i) and (iv)
iii ➥ (ii) and (iii)
iv ➥ (ii) and (iv)

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Answer: II
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